Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which
a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no …

Infertility is a common condition estimated to affect 10–15% of couples. The clinical causes
are attributed in equal parts to the male and female partners. Diagnosing male infertility …

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe and frequent cause of male infertility, often
treated by testicular sperm extraction followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The aim …

BACKGROUND Infection and inflammation of the reproductive tract are significant causes of
male factor infertility. Ascending infections caused by sexually transmitted bacteria or urinary …

It is estimated that infertility affects 8–12% of couples globally, with a male factor being a
primary or contributing cause in approximately 50% of couples. Causes of male subfertility …

Abstract Background Knowledge about Klinefelter syndrome (KS) has increased
substantially since its first description almost 80 years ago. A variety of treatment options …

Azoospermia affects 1% of men, and it can be due to:(i) hypothalamic-pituitary
dysfunction,(ii) primary quantitative spermatogenic disturbances,(iii) urogenital duct …

Approximately 7% of men suffer from fertility problems, the etiology of which are ascribable
to a number of factors acting at pretesticular, posttesticular, or testicular levels. About 20% of …

Asthenoteratozoospermia characterized by multiple morphological abnormalities of the
flagella (MMAF) has been identified as a sub-type of male infertility. Recent progress has …

In recent decades, the decline in human fertility has become increasingly more worrying:
while therapeutic interventions might help, they are vexing for the couple and often …