BACKGROUND It is widely believed that the human sense of smell is inferior to that of other
mammals, especially rodents and dogs. This Review traces the scientific history of this idea …

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is an increasingly recognised condition, associated with
reduced quality of life and major health outcomes such as neurodegeneration and death …

Anosmia and hyposmia, the inability or decreased ability to smell, is estimated to afflict 3–
20% of the population. Risk of olfactory dysfunction increases with old age and may also …

Olfactory deficits are present in numerous neurodegenerative disorders and are
accompanied by pathology in related brain regions. In several of these disorders, olfactory …

Olfactory and emotional higher processing pathways share common anatomical substrates.
Hence, depression is often accompanied by alterations in olfactory function. These …

Importance Olfactory dysfunction affects approximately 20% of the general adult population.
It is associated with reduced quality of life and important health care outcomes such as …

Research on human brain changes during skill acquisition has revealed brain volume
expansion in task-relevant areas. However, the large number of skills that humans acquire …

Sex differences in the human olfactory function reportedly exist for olfactory sensitivity,
odorant identification and memory, and tasks in which odors are rated based on …

Repeated exposure to odors modifies olfactory function. Consequently,“olfactory training”
plays a significant role in hyposmia treatment. In addition, numerous studies show that the …

Electronic noses, inspired by the mammalian olfactory system, have revolutionized various
industries including food, environment, medicine, and rescue. They detect gases by using …