Several growth factors (GFs) are implicated in sleep regulation. It is posited that these GFs
are produced in response to neural activity and affect input‐output relationships within the …

[Frontiers in Bioscience 8, d520-550, May 1, 2003] 520 BIOCHEMICAL REGULATION OF
NON-RAPID-EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP Ferenc Obal Jr. 1 Page 1 [Frontiers in Bioscience 8 …

Meals are the functional units of food intake in humans and mammals, and physiologic
approaches to understanding the controls of meal size have demonstrated that the presence …

Increasing numbers of overweight children and adults are presenting to sleep medicine
clinics for evaluation and treatment of sleepiness. Sleepiness negatively affects quality of …

Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) are involved in physiologic sleep
regulation. Administration of exogenous IL‐1β or TNF‐α induces increased non‐rapid eye …

There is considerable interest in the mechanisms by which systemic cytokines signal the
CNS to elicit centrally controlled biological actions. This study determined the effects of …

Electroencephalographic (EEG) δ waves during non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS)
after sleep deprivation are enhanced. That observation eventually led to the use of EEG δ …

Obestatin is a recently identified peptide derived from the ghrelin gene. Ghrelin stimulates
food intake whereas obestatin has an opposite effect in rats. Previous experiments in our …

Insomnia, the most common sleep disorder, is characterized by persistent difficulty in falling
or staying asleep despite adequate opportunity to sleep, leading to daytime fatigue and …

Abstract Study Objective: Systemic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is linked to sleep and
sleep altering pathologies in humans. Evidence from animals indicates that systemic and …