Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that have sloughed off the primary tumor and
extravasate into and circulate in the blood. Understanding of the metastatic cascade of CTCs …

The macrophage is a key cell in the pro-and anti-inflammatory response including that of the
inflammatory microenvironment of malignant tumors. Much current drug development in …

High lethality rates associated with metastatic cancer highlight an urgent medical need for
improved understanding of biologic mechanisms driving metastatic spread and identification …

Metastasis is a pivotal event that accelerates the prognosis of cancer patients towards
mortality. Therapies that aim to induce cell death in metastatic cells require a more detailed …

Simple Summary In cancer, disseminated neoplastic cells circulating in blood are a source
of tumor DNA, RNA, and protein, which can be harnessed to diagnose, monitor, and better …

The adipocyte-released hormone-like cytokine/adipokine leptin behaves differently in
obesity compared to its functions in the normal healthy state. In obese individuals, elevated …

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a step-wise process observed in normal and
tumor cells leading to a switch from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. In tumors, EMT …

Although molecular mechanisms driving tumor progression have been extensively studied,
the biological nature of the various populations of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) within the …

Simple Summary Even though it is known that (cancer) cells can fuse, it is still less
understood how (cancer) cells merge their plasma membranes, thereby giving rise to bi-and …

Cell-cell fusion is a normal biological process playing essential roles in organ formation and
tissue differentiation, repair and regeneration. Through cell fusion somatic cells undergo …