Objective We aimed to determine in relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) whether intrathecal
synthesis of immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG is associated with outcomes reflecting …

The discovery of an active lymphatic system in the meninges (dura mater) has opened up a
wide range of possibilities for the role of CNS immunoglobulins in brain development in …

Free light chains kappa (FLCκ) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are a part of the intrathecal
immune response. This observational study was conducted to investigate the effects of …

Background Intrathecal immunoglobulin M (IgM) synthesis has been demonstrated in the
early disease stages of multiple sclerosis (MS) as a predictor factor of a worsening disease …

Cerebrospinal kappa free light chain (KFLC)-index is a marker of intrathecal
immunoglobulin synthesis that aids in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However …

One of the great challenges related to multiple sclerosis (MS) research is the identification of
markers of prognosis and treatment response. In the last couple of decades, an association …

Background: Prognostic markers are needed to guide multiple sclerosis (MS) management
in the context of large availability of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs). Objective: To …

Objectives To evaluate the long-term effects of natalizumab (NTZ) on different features of
intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to …

Background: There is emerging evidence that intrathecal IgM synthesis (ITMS) is a risk factor
for conversion to clinically defined multiple sclerosis (CDMS) in clinically isolated syndrome …

Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) patients present with a single attack of inflammatory
demyelination of the central nervous system. Recent advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) …