High rates of relapse to drug use during abstinence is a defining feature of drug addiction. In
abstinent drug users, drug relapse is often precipitated by acute exposure to the self …

Background and rationale Results from many clinical studies suggest that drug relapse and
craving are often provoked by acute exposure to the self-administered drug or related drugs …

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological studies indicate that experimentation with addictive drugs and
onset of addictive disorders is primarily concentrated in adolescence and young adulthood …

Studies of human addicts and behavioural studies in rodent models of addiction indicate that
key behavioural abnormalities associated with addiction are extremely long lived. So …

Studies addressing behavioral functions of dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens septi
(NAS) are reviewed. A role of NAS DA in reward has long been suggested. However, some …

Rational and objectives. The reinstatement model is currently used in many laboratories to
investigate mechanisms underlying relapse to drug seeking. Here, we review briefly the …

Drug abuse and dependence define behavioral states involving increased allocation of
behavior towards drug seeking and taking at the expense of more appropriate behavioral …

Obesity is a global epidemic that contributes to a number of health complications including
cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and neuropsychiatric disorders …

Neurophysiologic processes underlie the uncontrolled, compulsive behaviors defining the
addicted state. These “hard-wired” changes in the brain are considered critical for the …

Dysregulation of pain neurocircuitry and neurochemistry has been increasingly recognized
as playing a critical role in a diverse spectrum of diseases including migraine, fibromyalgia …