Repair of bone defects is a time-consuming, self-healing process based on tissue modeling
and remodeling. However, the capacity of this method is limited, especially for critical-sized …

Bone is a complex and hierarchical tissue consisting of nano hydroxyapatite and collagen
as major portion. Several attempts have been made to prepare the artificial bone so as to …

Trabecular bone is a highly porous, heterogeneous, and anisotropic material which can be
found at the epiphyses of long bones and in the vertebral bodies. Studying the mechanical …

The tissue-level Young's modulus of trabecular bone is important for detailed mechanical
analysis of bone and bone-implant mechanical interactions. However, the heterogeneity and …

Biological composites have evolved elaborate hierarchical structures to achieve outstanding
mechanical properties using weak but readily available building blocks. Combining the …

This paper reviews the ultrastructure and chemistry of fish bone, with an emphasis on
zooarchaeology and stable isotope analysis. On the basis of the chemical composition of the …

Short and long‐term stabilities of cementless implants are strongly determined by the
interfacial load transfer between implants and bone tissue. Stress‐shielding effects arise …

The four levels of hierarchy considered in this review are the nanoscale (the mineralised
collagen fibre and the extrafibrillar mineral), the microscale (the structure as visible under …

Nature has achieved materials with properties and mechanisms that go far beyond the
current know-how of the engineering-materials industry. The remarkable efficiency of …

It is well known from experiments that the uniaxial compressive strength of cementitious
materials depends linearly on the degree of hydration, once a critical hydration degree has …