Historically, marine populations were considered to be interconnected across large
geographic regions due to the lack of apparent physical barriers to dispersal, coupled with a …

The theoretical status of 'niche construction'in evolution is intensely debated. Here we
substantiate the reasons for different interpretations. We consider two concepts of niche …

Longevity is a major determinant of individual differences in Darwinian fitness. Several
studies have analyzed the stochastic, time‐dependent causes of variation in longevity, but …

Environmental conditions experienced by parent plants can influence offspring performance
through parental effects induced by DNA methylation. The offspring can also be influenced …

Background Within-generational plasticity (WGP) and transgenerational plasticity (TGP) are
mechanisms allowing rapid adaptive responses to fluctuating environments without genetic …

Research over the past decade has shown that climate-change relevant CO 2 levels can
affect the growth, development and survival of some fishes during early life. There are also …

Parental effects are ubiquitous in nature and in many organisms play a particularly critical
role in the transfer of symbionts across generations; however, their influence and relative …

Plant phenotypes can be affected by environments experienced by their parents. Parental
environmental effects are reported for the first offspring generation and some studies …

Little is known of the capacity that marine metazoans have to evolve under rapid p CO 2
changes. Consequently, we reared a marine polychaete, O phryotrocha labronica …

The presence of various mechanisms of non-genetic inheritance is one of the main
problems for current evolutionary theory according to several critics. Sufficient empirical and …