Liposomes have been considered promising and versatile drug vesicles. Compared with
traditional drug delivery systems, liposomes exhibit better properties, including site …

The need for long-term treatments of chronic diseases has motivated the widespread
development of long-acting parenteral formulations (LAPFs) with the aim of improving drug …

Long-acting injectable (LAIs) delivery systems sustain the drug therapeutic action in the
body, resulting in reduced dosage regimen, toxicity, and improved patient compliance. Lipid …

Rationale: Peripheral nerve block is a traditional perioperative analgesic method for its
precise pain control and low systemic toxicity. However, a single low dose of local anesthetic …

The long history of local anesthetics (LAs) starts out in the late 19th century when the content
of coca plant leaves was discovered to alleviate pain. Soon after, cocaine was established …

The utilization of local anesthetics for postoperative analgesia represents an effective
approach, but generally suffers from short half‐lives and brachychronic local neurotoxicity. A …

Acute or chronic pain is a major source of impairment in quality of life and affects a
substantial part of the population. To date, pain is alleviated by a limited range of treatments …

Topical delivery of local anesthetics (LAs) is commonly used to decrease painful sensations,
block pain throughout procedures, and alleviate pain after surgery. Dermal and/or …

Microspheres are commonly implemented in drug delivery system to enhance drug
bioactivity and reduce the toxicity. Membrane emulsification is a promising technique to be …

Pain is one of the most common medical conditions and affects more Americans than
diabetes, heart disease, and cancer combined. Current pain treatments mainly rely on …