Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a series of dynamic and
cumulative gene–environment interactions over a lifetime. The evolving understanding of …

Importance Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity
and mortality in the US. Objective To conduct a targeted systematic review to update the …

Skeletal muscle dysfunction is frequently associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), which is characterized by a permanent airflow limitation, with a worsening …

Purpose Clinically important deterioration (CID) is a composite endpoint developed to
quantify the impact of pharmacological treatment in clinical trials for Chronic Obstructive …

Background Clinically important deterioration (CID) is a composite endpoint used to
holistically assess the complex progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

Introduction Since chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous
condition, a composite endpoint of clinically important deterioration (CID) may provide a …

Clinically important deterioration (CID) is a composite tool developed to measure COPD's
progression. It is a promising concept that can improve treatment choices for COPD patients …

Most patients with COPD are recommended to initiate maintenance therapy with a single
long-acting bronchodilator, such as a long-acting muscarinic antagonist or long-acting β2 …

Backgrounds The respiratory microbiota and radiomics correlate with the disease severity
and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aim to characterize the …

Introduction Clinically important deterioration (CID) is a multicomponent measure for
assessing disease worsening in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This …