Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons
in the substantia nigra. However, other non-dopaminergic neuronal systems such as the …

This paper is the twenty-third installment of the annual review of research concerning the
opiate system. It summarizes papers published during 2000 that studied the behavioral …

Previous work has demonstrated that acute and chronic administration of amphetamine
causes phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB, the cAMP response element (CRE) …

The article reviews presently commonly accepted concepts of neuronal basis of neuroleptic-
induced extrapyramidal side effects. The data obtained both, in humans and laboratory …

Repeated administration of psychostimulants to rodents can lead to behavioral sensitization.
Previous studies, using nonspecific opioid receptor (OR) antagonists, revealed that ORs …

Administration of psychostimulants can elicit a sensitized response to the stimulating and
reinforcing properties of the drugs, although there is scarce information regarding their …

Abstract N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors are heteromeric assemblies of subunits
(NR1 and NR2A–D), and are enriched in the striatum. Receptor phosphorylation has …

The GABAergic neurons represent a major neuronal population in the basal ganglia.
Although alterations in serotonin (5‐HT) transmission are associated with …

Although the etiology of drug psychosis or schizophrenia is still unknown, molecular and
biochemical researches have recently made significant advances in the search for the …

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) is involved in the biosynthesis of a number of neuropeptides
including opioid peptides. A point mutation in this gene results in a loss of enzyme activity …