Deep-time protein preservation has attracted increasing interest and rapid research activity
within the palaeobiological community in recent years, but there are several different …

The discovery in the 1980's that DNA could be extracted and sequenced from extinct
animals opened-up a whole new area of research in paleobiology. The oldest authenticated …

Phylogenetic relationships among sloths (Folivora) have been extensively studied in the
past few decades using maximum parsimony approaches. Recently, Bayesian phylogenetic …

Raman micro-spectroscopy is a non-destructive and non-contact analytical technique that
combines microscopy and spectroscopy, thus providing a potential for non-invasive and in …

Simple Summary Contrary to traditional views, fossil bones have been shown to
occasionally retain original cells, blood vessels, and structural tissues that are still …

Ivory is a highly prized material in many cultures since it can be carved into intricate designs
and have a highly polished surface. Due to its popularity, the animals from which ivory can …

Simple Summary Fossils of dinosaurs other than birds are at least 66 million years old.
Nevertheless, many organic compounds have survived fossilization and can still be found in …

Past claims have been made for fossil DNA recovery from various organisms (bacteria,
plants, insects and mammals, including humans) dating back in time from thousands to …

The archaic ancestry present in the human genome has captured the imagination of both
scientists and the wider public in recent years. This excitement is the result of new studies …

Osteocytes and blood vessels are the main cellular and tissue components of the bone
tissue of vertebrates. Evidence of these soft-tissue microstructures has been widely …