The present paper explores a series of articles in the literature which deal with impact
biomechanics of the head and thorax/abdomen segments, investigating the “sex specific …

Abstract Purpose of Review Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease
affecting mainly the peripheral skeleton in a symmetrical manner rather than the axial …

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of morphological
variations in osteoligamentous lower cervical spinal segment responses under postero …

Experiments have been conducted using isolated tissues of the spine such as ligaments,
functional units, and subaxial cervical spine columns. Forces and or moments under …

Objective: The lumbar interspinous ligaments (ISLs) are thin and short fibers connecting
adjacent spinous processes. However, their morphology is variably described and their …

There is currently no established injury criterion for the spine in compression with lateral
load components despite this load combination commonly contributing to spinal injuries in …

Underbody blasts (UBB) from mines and improvised explosive devices in military combat
can cause debilitating spine injuries to vehicle mounted soldiers. Due to the exclusion of …

The size and shape of human cervical vertebral bodies serve as a reference for
measurement or treatment planning in multiple disciplines. It is therefore necessary to …

Cervical spine injuries can occur in military scenarios from events such as underbody blast
events. Such scenarios impart inferior-to-superior loads to the spine. The objective of this …

Objectives: Analyses of recent automotive accident data indicate an increased risk of injury
for small female occupants compared to males in similar accidents. Females have been …