Background Different studies have shown the key role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress
in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders, as well as in neurodegenerative …

Recent studies have demonstrated dysregulation of the autophagy pathway in patients with
Parkinson's disease (PD) and in animal models of PD, highlighting its emerging role in …

Background Neurological dysfunction and glial activation are common in severe infections
such as sepsis. There is a sexual dimorphism in the response to systemic inflammation in …

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of the “gut–brain axis”. In
addition to well-studied diseases associated with an imbalance in gut microbiota, such as …

Background Tremors, psychological difficulties, mental health issues, depression, impulsive
acts, and other behavioral abnormalities are all symptoms of Parkinson's disease, a …

Sex differences affect Parkinson's disease (PD) development and manifestation. Yet, current
PD identification and treatments underuse these distinctions. Sex-focused PD literature often …

Introduction Neuronal hyperexcitability and neuroinflammation are thought to occur at early
stages in a range of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation, notably activation of …

Results: We found an interesting biphasic change in the expression of c-Fos in AP mice with
high expression at month, consistent with early onset of hyperexcitability, but lower …