Fungal pathogens cause more than a billion human infections every year, resulting in more
than 1.6 million deaths annually. Understanding the natural history and evolutionary ecology …

Our ancestors acquired morphological, cognitive and metabolic modifications that enabled
humans to colonize diverse habitats, develop extraordinary technologies and reshape the …

The evolution of gene expression in mammalian organ development remains largely
uncharacterized. Here we report the transcriptomes of seven organs (cerebrum, cerebellum …

The testis produces gametes through spermatogenesis and evolves rapidly at both the
morphological and molecular level in mammals,,,,–, probably owing to the evolutionary …

Single-molecule sequencing instruments can generate multikilobase sequences with the
potential to greatly improve genome and transcriptome assembly. However, the error rates …

Gene duplication plays key roles in organismal evolution. Duplicate genes, if they survive,
tend to diverge in regulatory and coding regions. Divergences in coding regions, especially …

The enlargement and species-specific elaboration of the cerebral neocortex during
evolution holds the secret to the mental abilities of humans; however, the genetic origin and …

Parasites and infectious diseases are everywhere and represent some of the most potent
forces shaping the natural world. They affect almost every aspect imaginable in the life of …

Understanding the evolution of language requires evidence regarding origins and
processes that led to change. In the last 40 years, there has been an explosion of research …

The genetic basis for the emergence of creativity in modern humans remains a mystery
despite sequencing the genomes of chimpanzees and Neanderthals, our closest hominid …