In 1925, 5-methylcytosine was first reported in bacteria. However, its biological importance
was not intuitive for several decades. After this initial lag, the ubiquitous presence of this …

Transposable elements (TEs) promote genetic innovation but also threaten genome stability.
Despite multiple layers of host defence, TEs actively shape mammalian-specific …

Bisulfite sequencing detects 5mC and 5hmC at single-base resolution. However, bisulfite
treatment damages DNA, which results in fragmentation, DNA loss, and biased sequencing …

Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA
modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic …

Identifying and validating molecular targets of interventions that extend the human health
span and lifespan has been difficult, as most clinical biomarkers are not sufficiently …

Liquid biopsies, in particular, analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), have emerged as a
promising noninvasive diagnostic approach in oncology. Abnormal distribution of DNA …

There is a growing consensus that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of
melatonin are of great importance in preserving the body functions and homeostasis, with …

The DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family comprises a conserved set of DNA-modifying
enzymes that have a central role in epigenetic gene regulation. Recent studies have shown …

The classical model of cytosine DNA methylation (the presence of 5-methylcytosine, 5mC)
regulation depicts this covalent modification as a stable repressive regulator of promoter …

In mammals, DNA methylation in the form of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) can be actively
reversed to unmodified cytosine (C) through TET dioxygenase-mediated oxidation of 5mC to …