Since the discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a mediator of allergic diseases in 1967,
our knowledge about the immunological mechanisms of IgE‐mediated allergies has …

Snake venoms are complex mixtures of small molecules and peptides/proteins, and most of
them display certain kinds of bioactivities. They include neurotoxic, cytotoxic, cardiotoxic …

Allergic reactions to stings of Hymenoptera species may be severe and are potentially fatal
deviations of the immunological response observed in healthy individuals. However, venom …

The availability of allergen molecules ('components') from several protein families has
advanced our understanding of immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated responses and enabled …

Although the ideal type of reference would consist of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-
controlled study, the topic of this practice parameter is represented by very few such studies …

Natural products represent important sources for the discovery and design of novel drugs.
Bee venom and its isolated components have been intensively studied with respect to their …

Bee venom is a blend of biochemicals ranging from small peptides and enzymes to biogenic
amines. It is capable of triggering severe immunologic reactions owing to its allergenic …

Abstract Purpose of Review Stings of Hymenoptera of the superfamily Vespoidea such as
yellow jackets, paper wasps or stinging ants are common triggers for severe and even fatal …

Among venomous animals, Hymenoptera have been suggested as a rich source of natural
toxins. Due to their broad ecological diversity, venom from Hymenoptera insects (bees …

Objective: To define the sensitization pattern of patients with anaphylaxis to Vespa velutina
nigrithorax (VVN). Methods: One-hundred consecutive Spanish patients with Hymenoptera …