Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disorder characterized by
intestinal inflammation and necrosis. 1 This disease is one of the most common …

New Findings What is the topic of this review? The importance of the early life gut
microbiome, with a focus on preterm infants and microbially related diseases. Current …

Background Human milk for very preterm infants need fortification for optimal growth and
development but the optimal fortification product remains to be identified. Aims To …

Increasing evidence suggests that prolonged antibiotic therapy in preterm infants is
associated with increased mortality and morbidities, such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) …

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between empirical
antibiotic therapy in the first postnatal week in uninfected infants born very preterm and the …

The threshold to initiate empiric antibiotics for suspicion of early-onset sepsis (EOS) is low in
preterm infants. Antibiotics' effects on short-term outcomes have recently been debated. We …

OBJECTIVES To determine whether use, duration, and types of early antibiotics were
associated with neonatal outcomes and late antibiotic use in preterm infants without …

Objective To assess the association between early empirical antibiotics and neonatal
adverse outcomes in very preterm infants without risk factors for early-onset sepsis (EOS) …

Background & aims Gut immaturity leads to feeding difficulties in very preterm infants (< 32
weeks gestation at birth). Maternal milk (MM) is the optimal diet but often absent or …

While prompt initiation of antibiotics at birth is important for preventing early onset sepsis, it
often leads to many preterm infants being exposed to treatment despite negative blood …