Background Cognitive impairment, including dementia, is a major health concern with the
increasing aging population. Preventive measures to delay cognitive decline are of utmost …

Valid causal inference is central to progress in theoretical and applied psychology. Although
the randomized experiment is widely considered the gold standard for determining whether …

The authors assessed the association of smoking with dementia and cognitive decline in a
meta-analysis of 19 prospective studies with at least 12 months of follow-up. Studies …

Background: Selective attrition may introduce bias into analyses of the determinants of
cognitive decline. This is a concern especially for risk factors, such as smoking, that strongly …

The relationships between alcohol consumption and dementia and cognitive decline were
investigated in a systematic review including meta-analyses of 15 prospective studies …

Preventing or postponing the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and delaying or slowing its
progression would lead to a consequent improvement of health status and quality of life in …

Importance Studies examining the association of low to moderate drinking with various
cognitive functions have yielded mixed findings. Objective To investigate whether …

The concept of moderate consumption of ethanol (beverage alcohol) has evolved over time
from considering this level of intake to be nonintoxicating and noninjurious, to …

ContextAlcohol consumption has been associated with complex changes in cerebral
vasculature and structure in older adults. How alcohol consumption affects the incidence of …

The convergence of the aging of our society, the increase in blended families, and an
enormous intergenerational transfer of wealth has greatly expanded the incidence and …