Although new activation and regulatory mechanisms are still being identified, the basic
architecture of the complement system has been known for decades. Two major roles of …

C3 is the central effector molecule of the complement system, mediating its multiple
functions through different binding sites and their corresponding receptors. We will introduce …

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent symptomatic primary
immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent infections, hypogammaglobulinemia and poor …

The high frequency of using engineered nanoparticles in various medical applications
entails a deep understanding of their interaction with biological macromolecules. Molecular …

The role of B cells in autoimmune diseases involves different cellular functions, including the
well‐established secretion of autoantibodies, autoantigen presentation and ensuing …

The complement system is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved effector system
comprising in mammals over 50 circulating and membrane bound proteins. Complement …

Exaggerated complement activation is a key event in the pathogenesis of a range of
autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Complement Receptor 1 (CR1) has emerged as a …

The complement system, a pillar of innate immunity, has belatedly become recognised as a
key modulator of adaptive immunity, acting to direct, modulate and modify the responses of …

The involvement of complement in the regulation of antibody responses has been known for
long. By now several additional B cell functions–including cytokine production and antigen …

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the bone
marrow, manifested by autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by binding of monoclonal IgM …