The behavioral origins of Homo sapiens can be traced back to the first material culture
produced by our species in Africa, the Middle Stone Age (MSA). Beyond this broad …

The numerical description of skeletal morphology enables forensic anthropologists to
conduct objective, reproducible, and structured tests, with the added capability of verifying …

Lithic assemblages immediately following the Howiesons Poort, often loosely referred to as
the 'post-Howiesons Poort'or MSA III, have attracted relatively little attention when compared …

Some of humanity's earliest ancestors lived in southern Africa and evidence from sites there
has inspired key debates on human origins and the emergence of complex cognition …

Abstract Africa's Middle Stone Age preserves sporadic evidence for novel behaviours
among early modern humans, prompting a range of questions about the influence of social …

Projectile technology is considered to appear early in the southern African Middle Stone Age
(MSA) and the rich and high resolution MSA sequence of Sibudu Cave in KwaZulu-Natal …

Birch tar production by Neanderthals—used for hafting tools—has been interpreted as one
of the earliest manifestations of modern cultural behavior. This is because birch tar …

The archaeological record shows that typically human cultural traits emerged at different
times, in different parts of the world, and among different hominin taxa. This pattern suggests …

The angle and shape of lithic tool edges have long been used as a method of inferring
prehistoric tool function. However, accurately measuring and characterizing edge angles of …

ABSTRACT The Middle Stone Age (MSA) of southern Africa provides crucial insight on early
Homo sapiens behavioral evolution. Archaeologists have traditionally presented lithic …