Metabolites of glycolytic metabolism have been identified as signaling molecules and
regulators of gene expression, in addition to their basic function as major energy and …

Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is not only a biological hallmark but also reveals
treatment vulnerabilities. Numerous metabolic molecules have shown promise as treatment …

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a biological program during which
epithelial cells lose their cell identity and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. EMT is …

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the main biochemical components of the tumor
microenvironment (TME), where it can promote tumor progression or tumor suppression …

Cancer is a major threat to human health. Among various treatment methods, precision
therapy has received significant attention since the inception, due to its ability to efficiently …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of high reactive molecules with dualistic
natures since they can induce cytotoxicity or regulate cellular physiology. Among the ROS …

Although chemotherapy can improve the overall survival and prognosis of cancer patients,
chemoresistance remains an obstacle due to the diversity, heterogeneity, and adaptability to …

A wide spectrum of metabolites (mainly, the three major nutrients and their derivatives) can
be sensed by specific sensors, then trigger a series of signal transduction pathways and …

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and is associated with
high mortality rates despite the continuously advancing treatment strategies. Glucose is …

Although nutrient-starvation therapies can elicit strong anti-tumor effects in multiple
carcinomas, it has been convincingly demonstrated that cancer cells exploit the tumor …