Early in development, endothelial cells proliferate, coalesce, and sprout to form a primitive
plexus of undifferentiated microvessels. Subsequently, this plexus remodels into a …

Tumour cells exposed to hypoxia have been shown to up-regulate the expression of
vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The purpose of the present work was to …

Keloids are characterized as an “overexuberant” healing response in which disequilibrium
between production and catabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs. Previous studies …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional cytokines, which induce bone and
cartilage formation and exert various other effects on many tissues. Since angiogenesis is …

Angiopoietins are ligands for the endothelial cell tyrosine kinase receptor Tie-2. Ang-1, the
major physiological activator of Tie-2, promotes blood vessel maturation and stability. Ang-2 …

Vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, thromboembolic disorders and stroke, in
addition to surgical procedures such as restenosis, all share the plasminogen activator …

Microvascular surgery has emerged as an attractive area for recent advances in the field of
gene therapy. The present study investigated the survival of ischemic, experimental skin …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) affects malignant tumours by promoting
angiogenesis. The tumour-suppressor gene p53 has been thought to regulate VEGF. We …

Tumor angiogenesis is a process where new blood vessels are formed from preexisting
ones, resulting in several pathologies. Solid tumors induce angiogenesis to obtain the …

Kininogens, the high molecular weight precursor of vasoactive kinins, bind to a wide variety
of cells in a specific, reversible, and saturable manner. The cell docking sites have been …