Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science have given rise to a new form of
materials, namely engineered living materials (ELMs), which are composed of living matter …

Synthetic biology applies genetic tools to engineer living cells and organisms analogous to
the programming of machines. In materials synthetic biology, engineering principles from …

Inspired by mammalian skins, soft hybrids integrating the merits of elastomers and hydrogels
have potential applications in diverse areas including stretchable and bio-integrated …

Biological systems assemble living materials that are autonomously patterned, can self-
repair and can sense and respond to their environment. The field of engineered living …

Natural biological materials exhibit remarkable properties: self-assembly from simple raw
materials, precise control of morphology, diverse physical and chemical properties, self …

Engineered living materials (ELMs) based on bacterial cellulose (BC) offer a promising
avenue for cheap-to-produce materials that can be programmed with genetically encoded …

Living organisms have evolved sophisticated cell-mediated biomineralization mechanisms
to build structurally ordered, environmentally adaptive composite materials. Despite …

Synthetic biology aims to design or assemble existing bioparts or bio-components for useful
bioproperties. During the past decades, progresses have been made to build delicate …

Bio‐hybrid technologies aim to replicate the unique capabilities of biological systems that
could surpass advanced artificial technologies. Soft bio‐hybrid robots consist of synthetic …

The field of engineered living materials aims to construct functional materials with desirable
properties of natural living systems. A recent study demonstrated the programmed self …