This review article summarizes the efficacy, feasibility and potential mechanisms of the
application of essential oils as antibiotic alternatives in swine production. Although there are …

This article summarizes current experimental knowledge on the efficacy, possible
mechanisms and feasibility in the application of phytogenic products as feed additives for …

Bacterial pathogens employ a number of genetic strategies to cause infection and,
occasionally, disease in their hosts. Many of these virulence factors and their regulatory …

Cytokines play a central role in immune cell response, but they also participate in the
maintenance of tissue integrity. Changes in the cytokine network of the pig gut may be …

Chlamydia species infect epithelial cells at mucosal surfaces, and are major causes of
sexually transmitted diseases. Infection is characterized by inflammation which is …

▪ Abstract Epithelial barriers on mucosal surfaces at different sites in the body differ
dramatically in their cellular organization, and antigen sampling strategies at diverse …

The female reproductive tract is immunologically unique in its requirement for tolerance to
allogeneic sperm and, in the upper tract, to the conceptus. However, it must also be …

The intestinal epithelial barrier protects the mucosa of the gastrointestinal (GI)-tract and
plays a key role in maintaining the host homeostasis. It encompasses several elements that …

One mechanism of initiating innate host defenses against uropathogenic Escherichia coli
(UPEC) is the production of cytokines by bladder epithelial cells; however, the means by …

Probiotic products are marketed widely throughout the world. This is especially true of
yogurts that contain strains of lactic-acid bacteria of intestinal origin. Consumption of these …