Upper limb spasticity affecting elbow, wrist, and finger flexors can be safely and effectively
reduced with injections of botulinum toxin type‐A (BoNT‐A). It has been best studied in …

This paper revisits the taxonomy of the neurophysiological consequences of a persistent
impairment of motor command execution in the classic environment of sensorimotor …

Background Resistance from antagonistic muscle groups might be a crucial factor reducing
function in chronic hemiparesis. The resistance due to spastic co-contraction might be …

Gracies JM, Burke K, Clegg NJ, Browne R, Rushing C, Fehlings D, Matthews D, Tilton A,
Delgado MR. Reliability of the Tardieu Scale for assessing spasticity in children with …

The measurement of spasticity is part of the neurological examination of patients with
disorders of the central nervous system. Recently, the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale …

Background and purpose To support clinical decision‐making in central neurological
disorders, a physical examination is used to assess responses to passive muscle stretch …

Questions What is the incidence of recovery of ambulation and upper limb function six
months after stroke? Can measures such as age and the National Institutes of Health Stroke …

Background Spasticity is defined as “a motor disorder characterised by a velocity dependent
increase in tonic stretch reflexes (muscle tone) with exaggerated tendon jerks”. It is a highly …

Training locomotor central pattern-generating networks (CPGs) through arm and leg cycling
improves walking in chronic stroke. These outcomes are presumed to result from enhanced …

Background and Purpose—Splints are commonly applied to the wrist and hand to prevent
and treat contracture after stroke. However, there have been few randomized trials of this …