Brain fluids are rigidly regulated to provide stable environments for neuronal function, eg,
low K+, Ca 2+, and protein to optimise signalling and minimise neurotoxicity. At the same …

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder afflicting~ 65 million people worldwide. It is caused by
aberrant synchronized firing of populations of neurons primarily due to imbalance between …

Schizophrenia is recognized to be a highly heterogeneous disease at various levels, from
genetics to clinical manifestations and treatment sensitivity. This heterogeneity is also …

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are unique extracellular matrix structures that wrap around certain
neurons in the CNS during development and control plasticity in the adult CNS. They appear …

A structural scaffold embedding brain cells and vasculature is known as extracellular matrix
(ECM). The physical appearance of ECM in the central nervous system (CNS) ranges from a …

The potency of the environment to shape brain function changes dramatically across the
lifespan. Neural circuits exhibit profound plasticity during early life and are later stabilized. A …

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix structures mainly enwrapping
parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons. The assembly of PNNs coincides with the end of …

Diffusion in the extracellular space (ECS) of the brain is constrained by the volume fraction
and the tortuosity and a modified diffusion equation represents the transport behavior of …

Neuronal circuits in the brain are shaped by experience during'critical periods' in early
postnatal life. In the primary visual cortex, this activity-dependent development is triggered …

During restricted time windows of postnatal life, called critical periods, neural circuits are
highly plastic and are shaped by environmental stimuli. In several mammalian brain areas …