Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are often considered a “safe substitute” for conventional
cigarette cessation. The composition of the fluid is not always clearly defined and shows a …

Background: Naphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that has been associated
with health effects, including cancer. As the state of the science on naphthalene toxicity …

Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites, biomarkers of internal PAH
exposure, are commonly used to explore the effects of PAH on human health. However, the …

Abstract Background Bisphenol A (BPA) can cause detrimental effects on fetal growth.
However, the effects of BPA alternatives, such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) …

It has been demonstrated that human exposure to environmental chemicals may have
sperm genotoxic potentiality. Among the different classes, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons …

Background Exposure to ambient fine and respirable particulate matter is associated with
poor sperm quality, but evidence for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter≤ 1 μm …

Emerging studies documented the association between ambient air pollution exposure and
semen quality, but the critical exposure windows have not been comprehensively studied …

Background Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is related to decreased
lung function. However, whether oxidative damage is involved in this relationship remains …

Background Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a potential
risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. Epigenetic mechanisms may play a key role in which …

Phenanthrene (Phe) is a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with high bioavailability
under natural exposure. However, there are few studies on the reproductive toxicity of Phe in …