Abstract Purpose of Review Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death and
chronic disability worldwide. Yet, despite extensive intervention strategies the number of …

As extensively distributed tissues throughout the human body, glands play a critical role in
various physiological processes. Therefore, the construction of biomimetic gland models in …

Simple Summary In the central nervous system, immune cells can be broadly categorized as
parenchymal microglia or non-parenchymal border-associated macrophages. It has become …

The spatial and temporal development of the brain, overlying meninges (fibroblasts,
vasculature and immune cells) and calvarium are highly coordinated. In particular, the timing …

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of age-related
small vessel pathologies that affect multiple regions. Disease manifestations range from …

The microenvironment profoundly influences tumor initiation across numerous tissues but
remains understudied in brain tumors. In the cerebellum, canonical Wnt signaling controlled …

Meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) play a pivotal role in regulating metabolic waste from
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the current limitations in field of view and resolution of …

Advanced in vivo imaging techniques have facilitated the comprehensive visual exploration
of animal biological processes, leading to groundbreaking discoveries such as the …

The brain and spinal cord collectively referred to as the Central Nervous System (CNS) are
protected by the blood-brain barrier that limits molecular, microbial and immunological …

Mammalian brain border-associated macrophages (BAMs) are strategically positioned to
support vital properties and processes: for example, the composition of the brain's …