Disruption of DNA replication, recombination, and repair (DNA-RRR) systems has been
hypothesized to cause highly elevated nucleotide substitution rates and genome …

Since chloroplasts and mitochondria are maternally inherited and have unique features in
evolution, DNA sequences of those organelle genomes have been broadly used in …

Overlapping genes occur widely in microorganisms and in some plastid genomes, but
unique properties are observed when such genes span the boundaries between single …

Background Genome rearrangements influence gene order and configuration of gene
clusters in all genomes. Most land plant chloroplast DNAs (cpDNAs) share a highly …

Abstract Recently, we used the 5′-trnL (UAA)–trnF (GAA) region of the chloroplast DNA for
phylogeographic reconstructions and phylogenetic analysis among the genera Arabidopsis …

Background Campanulaceae species are known to have highly rearranged plastid
genomes lacking the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) subunit D gene (accD), and instead …

Many genes in the plastid genomes (plastomes) of plants are organized as gene clusters, in
which genes are co-transcribed, resembling bacterial operons. These plastid operons are …

Background Genome evolution is shaped not only by nucleotide substitutions, but also by
structural changes including gene and genome duplications, insertions, deletions and gene …

The Chinese characters for azuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi],, means
“small bean,” while the kanji characters for soybean,, mean “big bean.” These characters …

Organelle sequences have a long history of utility in phylogenetic analyses. Chloroplast
sequences when combined with nuclear data can help resolve relationships among …