The Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway plays a key role in melanoma
development making it an important therapeutic target. In normal cells, the tightly regulated …

Three decades have passed since RAS was first identified as the transformative factor in the
Harvey and Kirsten strains of the mouse sarcoma virus. RAS and several of its downstream …

Purpose To assess the frequency and type of oncogenic BRAF mutations in metastatic
melanoma and correlate BRAF status with clinicopathologic features and outcome. Patients …

Purpose: Dabrafenib is a selective inhibitor of V600-mutant BRAF kinase, which recently
showed improved progression-free survival (PFS) as compared with dacarbazine, in …

Background: The prognostic significance of BRAF and NRAS mutations in metastatic
melanoma patients remains uncertain, with several studies reporting conflicting results, often …

Since cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, there is an urgent need to find
better treatments. Currently, the use of chemotherapeutics remains the predominant option …

Constitutive activation of MAPK in cancer occurs through activating mutations or
overexpression of upstream effectors in the pathway, primarily of genes encoding receptor …

Background Genotype–phenotype studies can identify subgroups of patients with specific
clinical features or differing outcomes, which can help shape management. Objectives To …

Abstract The Raf/MEK/ERK pathway is an importantmediator of tumor cell proliferation and
angiogenesis. Here, weinvestigated the growth-inhibitory and antiangiogenic properties of …

Background 5-year survival for melanoma metastasis to regional lymph nodes (American
Joint Committee on Cancer stage III) is< 50%. Knowledge of outcomes following therapeutic …