CD40 is a TNF receptor superfamily member expressed on both immune and non-immune
cells. Interactions between B cell-expressed CD40 and its binding partner, CD40L …

The introduction of biologic DMARDs into rheumatology has resulted in a substantial
reduction of the burden of many rheumatic diseases. In the slipstream of the success …

The CD40 ligand (CD40L) is a transmembrane molecule of crucial interest in cell signaling
in innate and adaptive immunity. It is expressed by a variety of cells, but mainly by activated …

Objective—Beyond their eminent role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are
recognized as mediators of inflammation. Platelet cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40) ligand …

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neurological autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle
weakness and fatigue. It is a B cell–mediated disease caused by pathogenic antibodies …

Astrocytes and microglia appear central to the initiation and progression of
neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, inflammation was mimicked by …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes and a leading cause
of vision loss worldwide (1). Unfortunately, there are no treatments targeting early stages of …

Minimal change nephrosis (MCN) is an important cause of morbidity in children. In spite of
successful therapies having been developed in the last three decades, most aspects related …

Various immune mediators identified to date are associated with the development of
advanced forms of diabetic retinopathy (DR), such as proliferative DR and diabetic macular …

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease associated with the production of
autoantibodies against 1) the skeletal muscle acetylcholine receptor; 2) muscle-specific …