Many studies have been undertaken to reveal how tobacco smoke skews immune
responses contributing to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

Cigarette smoking is associated with numerous diseases and poses a serious challenge to
the current healthcare system worldwide. Smoking impacts both innate and adaptive …

The immunopathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on the
innate and adaptive inflammatory immune responses to the chronic inhalation of cigarette …

Smoking is the number one risk factor for cancer mortality but only 15–20% of heavy
smokers develop lung cancer. It would, therefore, be of great benefit to identify those at high …

Background Exposure to air pollution is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). However, findings on the effects of air pollution on lung function and …

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is primarily an airway
condition, which mainly affects cigarette smokers and presents with shortness of breath that …

The imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory immune responses mediated by Th17
and Treg cells is deeply involved in the development and progression of inflammation in …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third most common cause of
global mortality. Acute exacerbations of COPD frequently necessitate hospital admission to …

Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent obstructive airway
disease, has become the third most common cause of death globally. Xuanbai Chengqi …

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a risk factor for COPD. Our previous study revealed more
severe emphysema in COPD patients (mostly smokers) with prior tuberculosis. However, the …