Renal transplantation is now the best treatment for end-stage renal failure. To avoid
rejection and prolong graft function, organ recipients need immunosuppressive therapy. The …

(1) Background: Kidney transplantation is widely recognized as the most effective method of
treating end-stage renal disease. Immunosuppressive therapy plays a pivotal role in the …

Matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV) are a distinct subtype of extracellular vesicles that are
firmly embedded within biomaterials composed of extracellular matrix (ECM). MBV both …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are increasingly used in combination. To understand the
effects of different ICI categories, we characterized changes in circulating autoantibodies in …

Risk stratification for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after kidney transplantation (KT)
remains to be determined. Since endosomal toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in viral …

Healthy individuals with hybrid immunity, due to a SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to first
vaccination, have stronger immune responses compared to those who were exclusively …

Objective Immediate type I, type III, and delayed type IV hypersensitivity reactions to insulin
are rare, but potentially serious complications of exogenous insulin administration required …

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) represent a potentially exciting regenerative-medicine
cell therapy for several chronic conditions such as macular degeneration, soft tissue and …

Using different three-drug immunosuppressive treatment regimens in a rat model, we aimed
to determine the effects of long-term therapy on metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase …

Abstract Background Cyclosporine-A (Cs-A), an immunosuppressant drug indicated for
organ transplant patients has been associated with toxicities arising from activation of …