Diabetes mellitus has become a serious and chronic metabolic disorder that results from a
complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, principally characterized by …

The alpha (α)‐amylase is a calcium metalloenzyme that aids digestion by breaking down
polysaccharide molecules into smaller ones such as glucose and maltose. In addition, the …

Backgroud Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and a severe public health issue.
The incidence trends for type 1 diabetes (TIDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have rarely …

Glucose is the most important substrate for proper brain functioning and development, with
an increased glucose consumption in relation to the need of creating new brain structures …

Monitoring blood glucose levels for diabetic patients is critical to achieve tight glycaemic
control. As none of the current antidiabetic treatments restore lost functional β-cell mass in …

Accumulation of glycogen in the kidney and liver is the main feature of Fanconi–Bickel
Syndrome (FBS), a rare disorder of carbohydrate metabolism inherited in an autosomal …

The prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) continuously increases worldwide. The
increasing prevalence parallels the growth in the number of people with diabetes, which is …

More than 10% of the world's population already suffers from varying degrees of diabetes
mellitus (DM), but there is still no cure for the disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one …

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined by the onset of persistent hyperglycemia within
the first six months of life but may present up to 12 months of life. A gene mutation affecting …

Background While insulin has been central to the pathophysiology and treatment of patients
with diabetes for the last 100 years, it has only been since 2007 that genetic variation in the …