Myeloid cells are the most abundant immune components of the tumour microenvironment,
where they have a variety of functions, ranging from immunosuppressive to …

Immune cell infiltration into solid tumors, their movement within the tumor microenvironment
(TME), and interaction with other immune cells are controlled by their directed migration …

Several mechanisms and cell types are involved in the regulation of the immune response.
These include mostly regulatory T cells (Tregs), regulatory macrophages (Mregs), myeloid …

Chronic inflammation and immune responses are two core element that characterize the
tumor microenvironment. A large number of immune/inflammatory cells (including tumor …

Hypoxia is an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. Either as chronic or
cycling hypoxia, it exerts a similar effect on cancer processes by activating hypoxia-inducible …

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) is a precursor of pancreatic ductal
adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which commonly occurs in the general populations with aging …

Immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) demonstrated inspiring effect and great promise in anti-
cancer therapy. However, many obstacles, such as drug resistance and difficulty in patient …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a rising incidence and is one of the most
lethal human malignancies. Much is known regarding the biology and pathophysiology of …

Background Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) play a major role in the
immunosuppressive melanoma microenvironment. They are generated under chronic …

Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key
biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six …