Since its recent discovery, the meningeal lymphatic system has reshaped our understanding
of central nervous system (CNS) fluid exchange, waste clearance, immune cell trafficking …

The lymphatic vascular system is gaining recognition for its multifaceted role and broad
pathological significance. Once perceived as a mere conduit for interstitial fluid and immune …

The deposition of immune complexes, activation of complement and infiltration of the kidney
by cells of the adaptive and innate immune systems have long been considered responsible …

Background Ectopic lymphoid structures called tertiary lymphoid tissues (TLTs) develop in
several kidney diseases and are associated with poor renal prognosis. However, the …

Autoimmune vasculitis of the medium and large elastic arteries can cause blindness, stroke,
aortic arch syndrome, and aortic aneurysm. The disease is often refractory to …

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are clusters of immune cells that resemble and function
similarly to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). While TLS is generally associated with an …

Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is an ectopic lymphocyte aggregate formed in peripheral
non-lymphoid tissues, including inflamed or cancerous tissue. Tumor-associated TLS serves …

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with a highly selective tissue
tropism for medium and large arteries. Extravascular GCA manifests with intense systemic …

The success of immunotherapy approaches, such as immune checkpoint blockade and
cellular immunotherapy with genetically modified lymphocytes, has firmly embedded the …

In response to inflammatory stimuli in conditions such as autoimmune disorders, infections
and cancers, immune cells organize in nonlymphoid tissues, which resemble secondary …