Substance P (SP) is a tachykinin expressed by various cells in the nervous and immune
systems. SP is predominantly released by neurons and exerts its biological and …

There has been a long-standing debate regarding the role of peripheral afferents in
mediating rapid-onset anorexia among other responses elicited by peripheral inflammatory …

Transforming growth factor-β1 is a potent mediator of fibrosis stimulating the secretion of
extracellular matrix proteins and is involved in airway remodeling in chronic obstructive …

Endotoxemia is a life-threatening, inflammatory condition that involves multiple organ injury
and dysfunction. Preprotachykinin-A (PPT-A) gene products, substance P (SP), and …

Binding of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) triggers an
innate immunoresponse associated with pain and inflammation. The expression, and to a …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial membrane endotoxin, induces a systemic
inflammatory response (IFR) through the activation of blood monocytes and hepatic kupffer …

The neuropeptide substance-P (SP) is expressed from the TAC1 gene in sensory neurones
where it acts as a key modulator of neurogenic inflammation. The promoter of TAC1 …

Dopamine‐induced changes in striatal gene expression are thought to play an important
role in drug addiction and compulsive behaviour. In this study we report that dopamine …

Background Tobacco is a leading environmental factor in the initiation of respiratory
diseases and causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Suppressor of …

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which has a function as a growth factor of epithelial
cells, is thought to play a role in pulmonary epithelium repair. In order to establish whether or …