Redox biological reactions are now accepted to bear the Janus faceted feature of promoting
both physiological signaling responses and pathophysiological cues. Endogenous …

Cap'n'collar (Cnc) transcription factors are conserved in metazoans and have important
developmental and homeostatic functions. The vertebrate Nrf1, Nrf2, and Nrf3; the …

Aims: The response of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to oxidative stress has been
recently reported but the downstream signals of this response are largely unknown …

The heme oxygenases, which consist of constitutive and inducible isozymes (HO-1, HO-2),
catalyze the rate-limiting step in the metabolic conversion of heme to the bile pigments (ie …

The transcription factor Nrf2 regulates the basal and inducible expression of numerous
detoxifying and antioxidant genes. The cytoplasmic protein Keap1 interacts with Nrf2 and …

Convincing concepts of redox control of gene transcription have been worked out for
prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes, whereas the knowledge on complex mammalian systems …

A common feature of diverse chemopreventive agents is the ability to activate expression of
a genetic program that protects cells from reactive chemical species that, if left unchecked …

Activation of PERK following the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) promotes translation inhibition and cell cycle arrest. PERK function is …

Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play central roles in the metabolism, elimination and
detoxification of xenobiotics and drugs introduced into the human body. Most of the tissues …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached pandemic proportions and effective prevention
strategies are wanted. Its onset is accompanied by cellular distress, the nuclear factor …