The steroid hormone progesterone is well-known for its role in neuroprotection, in the pre-
and postnatal brain development, and is also recognized as a potent respiratory stimulant …

Background In extremely preterm infants, persistence of cardioventilatory events is
associated with long-term morbidity. Therefore, the objective was to characterize physiologic …

Background Early-life stress is becoming an important determinant of immune system
programming. Maternal prenatal distress is found to be associated with atopic disease in …

What is known and objective Many premature infants less than 37 weeks gestational age
(GA), and almost all infants less than 28 weeks GA, will experience apnoea of prematurity …

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assistance (NAVA) can overcome technical difficulties with
synchronizing noninvasive ventilation breaths with the patient, a modality often used in very …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial transmembrane receptors that form part of the innate
immune response. They play a role in the recognition of various microorganisms and their …

Apnea of prematurity (AoP) is associated with severe and repeated episodes of arterial
oxygen desaturation (intermittent hypoxia-IH), which in turn increases the number of apneas …

The growing evidence has endorsed the view that therapeutic drug monitoring of caffeine for
apnea of prematurity is helpful for dose tailoring when the therapeutic response is lacking or …

New Findings What is the topic of this review? We review the influence of prematurity on the
cardiorespiratory system and examine the common sequel of alterations in oxygen tension …

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the therapeutic use of caffeine for
premature newborns is associated with changes in sleep habits and the presence of …