The common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a well studied and highly tractable genetic
model organism for understanding molecular mechanisms of human diseases. Many basic …

Studies of neuropeptide and peptide hormone signaling are coming of age in Drosophila
due to rapid developments in molecular genetics approaches that overcome the difficulties …

We examined tyrosine hydroxylase (TH-GAL4) expression and anti-TH immunoreactivity in
the Drosophila protocerebrum and characterized single cell clones of the TH-GAL4 neurons …

A goal of memory research is to understand how changing the weight of specific synapses in
neural circuits in the brain leads to an appropriate learned behavioral response. Finding the …

Sleep is a biological enigma that has raised numerous questions about the inner workings
of the brain. The fundamental question of why our nervous systems have evolved to require …

Alcohol is a widely used and abused substance with numerous negative consequences for
human health and safety. Historically, alcohol's widespread, non-specific neurobiological …

Aggression is used by essentially all species of animals to gain access to desired resources,
including territory, food, and potential mates: Fruit flies are no exception. In Drosophila, both …

ABSTRACT The Drosophila dopaminergic (DAergic) system consists of a relatively small
number of neurons clustered throughout the brain and ventral nerve cord. Previous work …

Atrazine is an extensively used herbicide, and has become a common environmental
contaminant. Effects on dopaminergic neurotransmission in mammals following exposure to …

Aggressive behavior is widespread in the animal kingdom, but the degree of molecular
conservation between distantly related species is still unclear. Recent reports suggest that at …