Vitamin D is one of the oldest hormones. 1 Early in evolution as unicellular organisms
evolved and took advantage of the sun's energy for photosynthesis of sugars, they also …

Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with increased rates of infection. Since the early
19th century, both environmental (ie, sunlight) and dietary sources (cod liver) of vitamin D …

The active form of vitamin D, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1, 25 (OH) 2 D 3), has potent
immunomodulatory properties that have promoted its potential use in the prevention and …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether vitamin D levels are related to the risk of developing
autoimmune diseases and whether supplementation with vitamin D can modify the course of …

Autoimmune disease, caused by unwanted immune responses to self-antigens, affects
millions of people each year and poses a great social and economic burden to individuals …

Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1, 25 (OH) 2D3], the biologically active form of vitamin D3, is a
secosteroid hormone essential for bone and mineral homeostasis. It regulates the growth …

Studies over the last two decades have revealed profound immunomodulatory aspects of
vitamin D on various aspects of the immune system. This review will provide an overview of …

The thioredoxin (Trx) system comprises Trx, truncated Trx (Trx-80), Trx reductase, and
NADPH, besides a natural Trx inhibitor, the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). This …

The secosteroid hormone 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1, 25 (OH) 2 D 3) is the natural
ligand for the vitamin D receptor, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Upon …

Antigen-specific immune tolerance has been a long-standing goal for immunotherapy for the
treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergies and for the prevention of allograft rejection …