Scholarship on the politics of secrecy in international relations and foreign policy has
experienced tremendous growth in recent years. This article begins by providing an …

The design of international institutions varies in many ways: Institutions can be more or less
formal, flexible, independent, precise, inclusive, centralized, and so on. This article classifies …

China is now the lender of first resort for much of the developing world, but Beijing has
fueled speculation among policymakers, scholars, and journalists by shrouding its grant …

One likely effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will be an increased focus on health diplomacy,
a topic that has rarely been taken up by international relations scholars. After reviewing …

Chinese “aid” is a lightning rod for criticism. Policy-makers, journalists, and public
intellectuals claim that Beijing uses its largesse to cement alliances with political leaders …

In this paper, we empirically assess how economic sanctions imposed by the United Nations
and the United States affect the target states' GDP growth. Our sample includes 160 …

How do policies in international organizations reflect the preferences of powerful institutional
stakeholders? Using an underutilized data set on the conditions associated with World Bank …

China has become a leading source of outward foreign direct investment (FDI), and the
Chinese state exercises a unique degree of influence over its firms. We explore the patterns …

Firms and policy makers are increasingly looking at friend-shoring to make supply chains
less vulnerable to geopolitical tensions. We test whether these considerations are shaping …

Aid donors pursue a strategy of targeted development with regard to recipient states. The
determinants of aid allocation have shifted significantly. Industrialized states are increasingly …