In addition to the roles of endothelial cells (ECs) in physiological processes, ECs actively
participate in both innate and adaptive immune responses. We previously reported that, in …

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing over time. CVD is a
comorbidity in diabetes and contributes to premature death. Citrus flavonoids possess …

Responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects host cells through binding of the …

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death and it has
been confirmed that increased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an …

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is comprised of a cluster of closely related risk factors,
including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, hypertension, high triglyceride, and low high …

Recent studies have indicated that high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and their major
structural protein, apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), recovered from human atheroma are …

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a complex mixture of lipoproteins that is associated with
many minor proteins and lipids that influence the function of HDL. Although HDL is a …

Regulatory T (Treg) cells contribute to the anti-inflammatory response during atherogenesis.
Here we show that during atherogenesis Treg cells lose Foxp3 expression and their …

Cellular membranes are not homogenous mixtures of proteins; rather, they are segregated
into microdomains on the basis of preferential association between specific lipids and …

This review article summarizes recent research into the mechanisms as to how elevated
levels of triglyceride (TG) and low levels of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) …