Background In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR‐Allergic Rhinitis …

Respiratory cilia are the driving force of the mucociliary escalator, working in conjunction
with secreted airway mucus to clear inhaled debris and pathogens from the conducting …

The Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) has been studied primarily in the context of its
role as a quorum-sensing signaling molecule. Recent data suggest, however, that this …

Bitter taste-sensing type 2 receptors (TAS2Rs or T2Rs), belonging to the subgroup of family
A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), are of crucial importance in the perception of …

Mucociliary clearance through coordinated ciliary beating is a major innate defense
removing pathogens from the lower airways, but the pathogen sensing and downstream …

Humans can recognise five basic tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. Sour and salty
substances are linked to ion channels, while sweet, bitter and umami flavours are …

Quorum sensing (QS) is a signaling mechanism for cell-to-cell communication between
bacteria, fungi, and even eukaryotic hosts such as plant and animal cells. Bacteria in real life …

Constant exposure of the airways to inhaled pathogens requires efficient early immune
responses protecting against infections. How bacteria on the epithelial surface are detected …

Quorum-sensing molecules (QSMs) are secreted by bacteria to signal population density.
Upon reaching a critical concentration, QSMs induce transcriptional alterations in bacteria …

Background Taste disorders in general, and dysgeusia in particular, are relatively common
disorders that may be a sign of a more complex acute or chronic medical condition. During …