Physical inactivity is one of the leading modifiable risk factors for global mortality, with an
estimated 20% to 30% increased risk of death compared with those who are physically …

Background Physical inactivity is a global problem that increases the risk of many chronic
diseases and shortens life expectancy. The built environment contributes to physical …

Introduction Built and natural environments may provide opportunities for physical activity.
However, studies are limited by primarily using residential addresses to define exposure …

Background and purpose A growing body of evidence documents multiple ways in which
land use and transportation investments influence health. To date, most evidence linking the …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death and a major
source of health disparities in the Unites States and globally. Efforts to reduce CVD risk and …

This Review describes the relationship between urban and transport planning and the city
environment, the main cardiovascular risk factors (including physical activity, hypertension …

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the associations between active travel
to school and the neighbourhood built environment in children and youth by systematically …

Twenty years ago, most research on the drivers of health focused on the impact of the
characteristics of individuals, such as their behaviors, their psychological traits, or their …

In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes has risen substantially in North
America and worldwide. To address these dual epidemics, researchers and policymakers …

Extensive evidence from cross-sectional studies has revealed a positive link between
greenspace access and walking behaviors. However, the inherent weaknesses of the cross …