The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first detected in December 2019 and
became epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. COVID-19 has been rapidly spreading …

Type I interferons (IFNs)(IFN-α, IFN-β) and type III IFNs (IFN-λ) share many properties,
including induction by viral infection, activation of shared signaling pathways, and …

Pregnancy is a unique type of immunological process. Healthy pregnancy is associated with
a series of inflammatory events: implantation (inflammation), gestation (anti-inflammation) …

There is a persistent bias toward higher prevalence and increased severity of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) in males. Underlying mechanisms accounting for this sex …

Microplastics (MPs), which are emerging as a new type of environmental pollutants, have
raised great concerns regarding their threats to human health. A successful pregnancy …

During pregnancy, the maternal uterus and fetus form a special microenvironment at the
maternal-fetal interface to support fetal development. Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease that is characterized by a
deficit in social interactions and communication, as well as repetitive and restrictive …

Down syndrome (DS), the genetic condition caused by trisomy 21, is characterized by
variable cognitive impairment, immune dysregulation, dysmorphogenesis and increased …

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) display chronic hyperactivation of interferon signaling.
However, the clinical impacts of interferon hyperactivity in DS are ill-defined. Here, we …

CC motif ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocytic chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), is an
integral chemotactic factor which recruits macrophages for the immune response. Together …