Abstract The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway plays a crucial role in various
cellular processes and is aberrantly activated in cancers, contributing to the occurrence and …

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity is stimulated by diverse oncogenes and growth
factor receptors, and elevated PI3K signaling is considered a hallmark of cancer. Many PI3K …

Despite more than three decades of intensive effort, no effective pharmacological inhibitors
of the RAS oncoproteins have reached the clinic, prompting the widely held perception that …

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays an integral role in many cellular
processes and is frequently altered in cancer, contributing to tumor growth and survival …

Inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in cancer development, including tumor initiation,
promotion, progression, and metastasis. Cytokines are now recognized as important …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most
common in men globally. CRC arises from one or a combination of chromosomal instability …

Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are multifaceted transcription factors that are responsible for
fine-tuning the spatial and temporal expression of a broad range of genes both during …

Our increasing understanding of cancer biology has led to the development of molecularly
targeted anticancer drugs. The full potential of these agents has not, however, been …

Abstract The PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways are commonly activated by
mutations and chromosomal translocation in vital targets. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling …

Although RAS was formerly considered undruggable, various agents that inhibit RAS or
specific RAS oncoproteins have now been developed. Indeed, the importance of directly …