Why T cells develop autoimmune reactivity to some antigens and tolerance to others is
unknown. Various mechanisms can provide for T-cell tolerance. These include deletion in …

Immunological tolerance is defined as a state of specific non-responsiveness to a particular
antigen induced by previous exposure to that same antigen. The mucosal surfaces comprise …

The induction of peripheral tolerance to alloantigen is accompanied in many cases by a
decrease in the production of cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN gamma, yet a sustained …

Evidence is presented that a wide variety of cell types are capable of presenting class I
alloantigens to purified unprimed CD8+ cells in the absence of added help. These cells …

In recent years much evidence has been accumulating that the seemingly acute onset of
type I (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus is in fact the consequence of progressive B-islet …

The majority of T cell-recognized tumour antigens in humans are encoded by genes that are
also present in normal tissues. Low levels of gene expression in normal cells can lead to the …

Transgenic mice expressing an insulin-promoted H-ras hybrid gene in pancreatic β cells
developed β-cell degeneration and diabetes. The disease was manifested in male mice by …

A large body of data generated during the past two decades has led to the ability to predict
the development of Type I diabetes in the majority of relatives of diabetics. In particular we …

Autoimmune (type 1) diabetes mellitus in mouse, rat, and humans shares several features,
including T lymphocyte infiltration into pancreatic islets and a dependence on permissive …

The requirement for co-stimulation in T-cell activation has become firmly established, whilst
the precise identity of the molecules involved remains uncertain. Some of the major co …