For many people worldwide, supernatural beliefs and attributions—those focused on God,
the devil, demons, spirits, an afterlife, karma, or fate—are part of everyday life. Although not …

Abstract The Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale (Exline, Pargament, Grubbs, &
Yali, 2014) is a 26-item measure assessing six types of religious/spiritual (r/s) struggles …

Objective This study tested three conceptual explanatory models that have been theorized to
account for the linkages between religious/spiritual (R/S) struggles and psychological …

After-death communication (ADC) is the phenomenon of perceiving spontaneous and direct
contact by a deceased loved one. Evidence suggests that ADC is a widespread human …

Beliefs in supernatural evil have been widespread throughout human history, and they
remain so today. Yet conversations about demonic struggles—tensions and conflicts …

How do people decide whether a supernatural entity (God, the devil, ghosts/spirits,
fate/destiny, karma, or luck) has intervened in their lives? Their decisions may depend partly …

Context Religion and spirituality (r/s) are important resources in coping with cancer.
However, there are aspects of r/s, such as religious and spiritual struggles, found to be …

This handbook aims to bridge the gap between the fields of positive psychology and the
psychology of religion and spirituality. It is the authoritative guide to the intersections among …

Religious and spiritual (R/S) struggles are defined as the occurrence of tension, conflict, or
strain that focus on matters of ultimate significance perceived by people as sacred. The …

Given the prevalence of supernatural beliefs in the United States, some people may believe
that God or the devil influenced people to create or receive COVID-19 vaccines. In an …